Wireless Mesh Networking is not Magic

Even though wireless mesh networking includes software that provides valuable load balancing intelligence, that intelligence is limited to the architecture of the mesh. The details of the technology’s performance – limitations and capabilities must be considered when designing a solution. And remember, wireless is half-duplex – using dual radios is best practice for streaming video surveillance – real time heavy bandwidth demanding video footage.

Wireless Mesh Network Architectural Thinking for Video Surveillance

 

The Magic of WiFi in your Home…

Okay, so this situation has happened a few times to family and friends so I’m going to take a moment here and explain something about that wireless router you have in your home (for those who are not familiar with the technology behind its magic). I will try to keep it simple because I’m prone to geek-speak.

Your wireless router has TWO security login IDs and passwords. There is the ID and password you use to gain wireless access and the Internet and then there is the ID and password you have to gain access into the administrative pages within the router itself. When setting up the wireless router, most require you change the default password (if any) to use the wireless magic for Internet access throughout the house and/or apartment. This is the special key that is required when ever you attempt to get Internet access from your new laptop, IPod, smartphone, etc.

Bad passwords:
[default]
password
yourbirthday

Good passwords:
RtH^48&@!#Ttgoodone
Stay0utOfMY$%^#@$&NeW0rK

Write it onto a piece of tape and adhere it to the bottom of the physical router.

Now that that’s secure, you now MUST change the administrator ID and password that allows you to gain access to the administrative pages of the wireless router itself because anyone with the default IP address, default ID and default password can log into your router and change everything, including the login for administrative access, grab your LAN devices physical MAC addresses, etc.

When I was working downtown in the field, I had a list of every single wireless router model, the default IP address, the default ID and default password and with hundreds of wireless routers to choose from, I always had free internet on almost every corner. It was a temporary use of someone’s bandwidth and usually goes unnoticed, unless you’re trying to download something and it takes longer than expected. I wonder how many people called customer service complaining about bandwidth problems, unaware that someone was borrowing their bandwidth…

Once the wireless signal leaves the antenna – you have lost all control. The signal doesn’t stop at your walls. Depending on high up you are in a highrise, it could go on for on for blocks.

You would see your Internet slow down, but there is no other issue. What you really need to worry about is that ankle-biter down the street who is bored and decides to change you wireless access key password (in a sense hijack your router), so suddenly “Hey – I can’t get online anymore! What’s wrong with this stupid laptop!” – or gain access to your home computers and steal information, change information, etc.

So, look at the bottom of your wireless router. There should be a way of logging into it as a administrator (with the ID and default password) or check the manual. Then change that administrator password to something more secure than “admin.” You may find that your Internet speed increases without having to pay anymore per month!

DC Power supply alternative

http://www.lifesafetypower.com

High quality power supplies for the security industry. Check them out. These are the basic components that make up the FlexPower system.

  • There are two power supply footprints that provide six power levels from 25 Watts to 250 Watts
  • two eight output power distribution boards
  • two lock control boards, four and eight outputs
  • a DC to DC converter for generating secondary voltages
  • a communications module for connection to the internet/intranet
  • a NAC signaling module for fire alarm signaling
  • and three levels of CCTV power transformers.

Multipath Interference

Antenna to close to overhangI was at the airport and noticed this wireless network security camera install. The antenna was install directly under a overhang, pointing into the overhang. This is what happens to the signal when you do this kind of installation – it deteriorates the signal quality through self multipath interference. Although these antennas are only ten degrees by eight degrees beamwidth, they are not laser beams.

The correct way to install this was to run LMR600 cable to the other end of the overhang and install the antenna at the opposite edge. The cable loss is miniscule compared to the multipath interference.

Wireless is half-duplex

Wireless Video

  • Wireless surveillance security video is real-time and synchronous, not asynchronous – it cannot wait for a better wireless path or channel selection
  •  All RF (current hardware and near future wireless gear) is and will be half duplex by the nature of the technology. A radio using one channel can only communicate with one client in one direction at a time.
  • Architectural redundancy for transmit and receive is a key factor for success

RF is RF

  • Once the digital signal is decoded and spit out the antenna as an analog waveform, you have lost control
  • In the vacuum of space, a microwave signal will go on forever, and although there are environmental and atmospheric factors that deteriorate, reflect and dwindle microwave waveforms, they do not stop at the outer circle in a diagram
  • The only element of control is architecturally
  • Using directional antennas (Omni directional antennas will pick up interference from everywhere, reducing power and performance)
  • If you can bounce a microwave particle (if using 4.9GHz and up of the microwave spectrum) off a building to get a better signal, you can bounce a microwave particle off another microwave particle and get self interference, multipath and/or “noise” – antennas must be at least three to six feet apart vertically
  • Providing a redundant path (radio) to transmit and receive provides better performance for synchronous video
  • Cross polarize antennas for better control and to differentiate waveforms

The wireless portal radio receiving synchronous video data doesn't need to stop to transmit a camera PTZ command. It can send it the other way around.

G’Day!

Dropped my keynote speech from about 60 slides to 40 and still went over 10 minutes! That means my next one should be ten slides shorter!

Australia is very proactive in Facial Recognition software implementations and development. I was impressed with this conference; the depth of knowledge in CCTV – from technology, to legalities to policies; the international attendees and speakers, the knowledge shared, and would highly recommend this to anyone around the world. I was pleasantly surprised how popular my book is in Australia. I heard little of the complex integration I’ve been seeing recently in the USA. It is a beautiful country, with wonderful and smart people and I just love seeing palm trees in the winter.

CCTV World 2011

CCTV World 2011